Topic:
The Ten Who Were Given Glad Tidings of Paradise
By:
Dr. `Umar Al-Ashqar
"Abu Bakr will be in Paradise, `Umar will be in Paradise, `Uthman will be in Paradise, `Ali will be in Paradise, Talhah will be in Paradise, Al-Zubayr will be in Paradise, `Abdul-Rahman ibn `Awf will be in Paradise, Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas will be in Paradise, Sa`id ibn Zayd will be in Paradise and Abu `Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah will be in Paradise." Its isnad is sahih. [Sahih al-Jami` as-Saghir, 1/70, no. 50]
Imam Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Al-Diya' reported a slightly different version from Sa`id ibn Zayd:
"Ten will be in Paradise: the Prophet will be in Paradise, Abu Bakr will be in Paradise, `Umar will be in Paradise, `Uthman will be in Paradise, `Ali will be in Paradise, Talhah will be in Paradise, al-Zubayr ibn al-`Awwam will be in Paradise, Sa`d ibn Malik will be in Paradise, `Abdul-Rahman ibn `Awf will be in Paradise and Sa`id ibn Zayd will be in Paradise. Its isnad is sahih. [Sahih al-Jami` as-Saghir, 4/34, no. 3905]
The books of the Sunnah tell us that one day the Prophet, sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam, was sitting at the well of `Ariis, with Abu Musa al-Ash`ari acting as his gatekeeper. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq came and asked permission to see him, and the Messenger, sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam, said, "Let him in, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise." Then `Umar came, and he said, "Let him in and give him the glad tidings of Paradise." Then `Uthman came and he said, "Let him in, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise because of an affliction that will befall him." [Reported by Al-Bukhari, Muslim and Tirmidhi. See Jami al-Usul, 8/562, no. 6372. The hadith is lengthy, so we have shortened it here and quoted only that which is relevant to the current discussion.]
Ibn `Asakir reported with a sahih isnad from Ibn Mas`ud that the Prophet, sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam, said: "My successor will be in Paradise, his successor will be in Paradise, and the third and fourth will be in Paradise." [Sahih al-Jami` as-Saghir, 4/149, no. 4311.] The "successor" refers to the one who would take over the reins of leadership after his death. These four are Abu Bakr, `Umar, `Uthman and `Ali, may Allah be pleased with them all.
Tirmidhi and al-Hakim reported with a sahih isnad from `A'ishah, radhiallahu `anha, that the Messenger, sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam, said to Abu Bakr: "You are free from the Fire." [Sahih al-Jami` as-Saghir, 2/24, no. 1494]
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By Imam Habib Canada:
The term Ashara Mubashara (the ten who were promised Paradise) designates those who were given these glad tidings by the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) while they were living in this world. In addition to the term "Ashara Mubashara," the phrase with the same meaning - "al-Mubashara bil-Jannah" - was also used.
They are: Abu Bakr (634),
Umar (643),
Uthman (655),
Ali (660),
Talha (656),
Zubayr (656),
Abdurrahman ibn Awf (652),
Sa'd (674),
Said ibn Zayd (671),
Abu Ubayy (639).
The names of these Companions were mentioned in hadith and were, thus, fixed. Generally, when the Companions of the Prophet, particularly the Noble Companions, are evaluated, it will be seen that this situation is very natural in respect to general Islamic principles.
Some common traits of the Ashara Mubashara:
All became Muslim in the early years of Islam.
They made great service to the Prophet and the Islamic cause.
They migrated.
They participated in the battle of Badr.
They swore allegiance to the Prophet at Hudaybiya.
There are many narrations in hadith sources regarding their virtues.
Sources of sound hadiths begin with narrations on these Companions.
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1۔حضرت ابوبکر صدیق رضی اللہ عنہ
2۔حضرت عمر فاروق رضی اللہ عنہ
3۔حضرت عثمان غنی رضی اللہ عنہ
4۔حضرت علی مرتضٰی رضی اللہ عنہ
5۔حضرت طلحہ بن عبیداللہ رضی اللہ عنہ
6۔ حضرت زبیر بن العوام رضی اللہ عنہ
7۔حضرت عبد الرحمان بن عوف رضی اللہ عنہ
8۔حضرت سعد بن ابی وقاص رضی اللہ عنہ
9۔حضرت سعید بن زید رضی اللہ عنہ
10۔حضرت ابو عبیدہ بن الجراحرضی اللہ عنہ
(ترمذی جلد دوئم ، مناقب عبدالرحمان بن عوف
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